Yarn abrading apparatus



H. FREY YARN ABRADING APPARATUS Filed NOV. 16, 1939 gaf-- l Feb. 17,` 1942.

Patented Feb. 1942 i AUNITED STAT Es PATENT, orifice f YARN ABRADING APPARATUS f'Henry Frey, Kingston, Pa. Amnicetion November 16, 1939, serial 10.304564 (c1. za-n Y 4 Claims. My( invention relatesy to an improvement in yarn abrading apparatus and method of use.

Recently j artiilcial yarns Ahave` been abraded to provide awroughenedsurfaceto the usually smooth surface'of single filament yarns that areI mechanicallyY produced..v VSeveral V`devices have been made to provide aroughened or non-luster finish.

The object of my invention Vis to provide aV simple abrading device wlhiucnmay beutinzed to labrade a single filament yarn atthe same time that it is being tensioned as it ispulled from a source of supply toV be fed or presented to a doubling machine or a conventional winding or` redraw'machine. l n

A further object is to provide' an abradingdevice which will evenly andthoroughly abradea yarn without adding materially' toithe cost of producing the yarn.

The invention consists in an arrangement or system whereby it will be possible to draw di` rectly from cones, spools,l cakes, orany suitable source of supply, and properly'tension and abrade yarnV to Vany desired extent;l Vboth economically and efficiently. n, z The .present Ainvention follows, generally, the

teachings of my cci-pending application,` Serial No. 288,218, but adds to that disclosure 'the'use of an additional clamp and guide to allocate a second point of abrasion. Y

In 'the accompanying drawing.: *l I Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view in front elevation showing oneof my devices mounted on a suit-l.

able support beneatha source of supply of yarn;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary'view in side elevation showing the device in Fig. 1u; y

Fig. Bis a fragmentary view in front elevation showing ,a modified form of my invention in which the abrading roller is mounted on a suitables'upport above a source of supply of yarn;` and I Fig. '4 is a 'fragmentary view in side velevation showing the device ln Fig. 3.

In theforin shown in Figs. 1 andY 2, the yarn '2 is drawn from a suitable source of supply (not shown) and is passed through a conventional pigtail 4 secured on a bracket 6 which is supported'A on a pin 8 outstanding from the rail I0. A porcelain comb is also secured on thefbracket 6 and extendstherefrom in a` position approxi# matelyparallel to 'the pin 8.

On the pin I4, outstanding from-the rail IIL and approximately parallel to the pin 8,11place an idle roller- I6, which is preferably made of maple, but which may be made of any suitable fmaterial, and which is provided with suitablel bearings so thatit may revolve freely on the pin I4. i

Toproperlyand conveniently abrade the yarn 2 I have *placed on the outside surface of the roller-J6 a suitable abrasive.. substance Ill, such Y as Aloxitev an aluminum .oxide preparation which may be applied to provide any desired degree of roughness-.1".v u f Thepercelain comb, I2. isprovided with a plu` rality of teeth 20, in the instant case four, `which arepositioriedto provide ve spaces between the -teetli and between the teeth and the ends of thecomb., `'Ihesespaces provide positions into which Vthe yarn 2 may be guided ,and held (lat-l erally of the comb I2 and abrading roller I6) so that a proper amount of abrading may be applied thereto tocreate the abraded yarn 22 when it is taken from the roller and pulled through the adjustable guideA 24, which/guide is adjustablysecured to the'rail I0 bythe clamp 26.

The clamp 26 is preferably made of suitable sheet-metal and is` provided at `one end thereof with a substantially L-shaped bend to provide a foot adapted to engage the rail I 0. A 'screw 30 is screw-threaded to the clamp. 26 in a positionproperly lspaced apart fromthe foot 28 Vso that the screw 3U Vcanvalso engage the rail IIIV to hold the clamp in its adjusted position on the rail. VThe ,other end, of the clamp 2G is folded over upon itself and is provided with the necessary holesl through which the rod 32, attached to the'guide 24may pass.V The rod 32 and guide ,n 24 are held in adjustedposition by a suitable setscrew`34. l

The yarn 2 to be abraded is fed downwardly A from the sourceoi supply` (not shown), passes through the pigtail 4, is .wrapped around the roller Ii `in contact with theabrasive surface I8, through predetermined spacesbetween the teeth 20 of the comb' I2, and again around the roller I6 and through the same or other predetermined spaces'between the teeth 20 a' plurality of times, until such time, that it is pulled sharplyV from the abrasiversurface I8, at a sharp angle,as for example at the point 36, by being fed through a relatively distant space 38 in the comb between (not shown).

In the modified form shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the wrapping of the yarn and the abrading is the same except for the fact that in this modifiedv form the yarn |02 is pulled from a source` of supply from beneath the roller I6, and is fed through an adjustable guide 24a before it is wrapped around the/roller I6 and the comb I2 as described above. f j' In this form the rst main point off/'abrasion of the yarn |02 is at the point marked by the arrow 36a where the yarn is pulled sharply from the abrasive surface |8 to passv through the space 38. From the space 38 t.e yarn |02 is again wrapped around the roller I6 and is pulled therefrom abruptly at the point marked by the arrow 40a before it passes through the adjustable guide 2lb which is adjusted to allocate the point 40a. From the adjustable guide 2lb the double abraded yarn |22 passes upwardly to a 4of three hundred (300) denier separately and then twisting them together by using a conventional b doubler.

When the desiredabrading can be done conveniently at the time of doubling, it is advisable to use abrasion apparatusl and method disclosed inFigs. l and 2, this resulting in themost economical process as it 'combines abrading and doubling in onev operation. Also it is possible to abrade more than one thread at a time, a plurality ofthreads being fed through the pigtail and around the roller as one thread. This, however, 'has ,its early limitations, particularly so whena heavy yarn is to be abraded. When heavier yarns are to be abraded, I have found it to be more practical to abrade the single ,tional twist is desired, I luse the form disclosed in Figs. l and 2, but when no such twist is desired, I use the form disclosed in Figs. 3 and 4.

While I have shown particular wrappings of the yarn around the abrading-wheel and comb, it will be understood that under varying circumstances other wrappings may be made, dependent.

on the yarn being abraded and the' amount of abrasiondesired.

For example, in Figs. 3 and 4, I have shown the Vyarn going around the roller four times, and then skipping two openings in the comb to provide for suilicient abrasion, but it Will be obvious that three openings could be skipped to provide more abrasion, if itwere desired. In the use of a four toothed comb as disclosed, more wrappings could probably not be conveniently made, but with a porcelain comb having ve teeth it will be entirely possible to skip three openings, thereby causing a more sharp angle Afor the abrasion.

, 2,273,752 vand thenvt'o a conventional doubling machine It hasbeen found in actual practice that the wrappingsdisclosed have given very satisfactory results, and that practically any desired amount of abrasion can be accomplished.

In the -form of wrappings which I have disclosed in Figs. 3 and 4, it will be noted that the yarn to be abraded is fed from beneath the abrading roller and porcelain comb, and subsequently is fed upwardly to a winding or redraw machine. When a winding or redraw machine is used, the speed at which the yarn is pulled over the abrading roller is greater than the speed at which it is pulled with the method as disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2 inthe use of a conventional 5b doubler, and, consequently, there is a. greater drag on the yarn, and a proper tension may be obtained without requiring as many wrappings around the abrasion roller. In many cases, the number of wrappings around the abrading roller can be reduced, but, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the wrappings may be considered as probably the maximum` number required so that proper tensioning and abrasion will result.- Obviously, the

.speed-.of the winding or redraw machine may be erally speaking, however, I have found that the exact wrappings which are disclosed in the drawing have given very satisfactory abrasion which is proven to be both economically and efficiently produced.

It has been found in actual practice that the coarseness of the Aloxite used for covering the abrading roller may be varied to produce different extent of abrasion as desired. For example, in abrading 450 denier yarn to produce a heavy yarn of the Angora type, a coarser grade of Aloxite may be used to result in the long broken filament. I have used as low as Aloxite for covering the roller under these circumstances, and have successfully used Aloxite on 300 denier yarn, but for abrading flnel yarns Aloxite has given the best results.

I'claim:

l. The combination of a rail, a pin outstanding therefrom and unsupported at its outer end, an abrasive roller loosely mounted thereon and removable therefrom, a comb in proximity to the roller, yarn wrapped around the roller and between the teeth of the comb a plurality of times first in an approximately straight direction and finally in a diagonal direction, whereby when the yarn is pulled from the roller the latter is turned by and at the speed of the travelingyarn which is abraded at the point where it leaves the roller.

2. The combination of a rail, a pin outstanding therefrom and unsupported at its outer end, an abrasive lroller loosely mounted thereon and removable therefrom, a comb in proximity to the roller, yarn wrapped around the roller and between the teeth of the comb a plurality of times, first in an approximately straight direction and nally in a diagonal direction, and a guide in addition to the comb through which the yarn is passed located on the side of the roller approximately remote from the comb and between the rail and the point where the yarn last leaves the comb, whereby when the yarn is pulled. from the roller the latter is turned by and at the speed of the traveling yarn which is abraded as it leaves the roller.

3. The combination of a rail, a pin outstanding therefrom and unsupported at its outer end,

anabrasive' roller loosely mounted thereon and removable therefrom, a comb in proximity to the roller, yarn wrapped around the roller and between the teeth of the comb a plurality of times, first in an approximately straight direction and finally in a diagonal direction, and a guide in addition to the comb through which tuhe yarn is passed located on the side of the roller' approxi-y mately .remote from the comb and between the rail and the point where the yarn last leaves the comb, whereby when the yarn is pulled from the roller the latter is turned by and at the speed of the traveling yarn which is simultaneously abraded at two points on the roller.

4. The combination 'of a rail, a pin outstanding therefrom and unsupported at its outer end, an abrasive roller loosely mounted thereon and removable therefrom, a comb in proximity to` y the roller, yarn wrapped around the roller and between the :teeth of the comb a plurality of times, first in an approximately straight direction and finally in a diagonal direction, and an adjustable guide in addition to the comb through which the yarn is passed located on the side of the roller approximately remote from the comb and between the rail and the point where the yarn last leaves the comb, whereby when the yarn is pulled from the roller the latter is turned by and at the speed of the traveling yarn which is abraded as it leaves the roller.

HENRY FREY. 

